Publications

1. R.I. Kaiser, Chemische Prozesse durch Zyklotronionen in festem Methan - Simulation der Wechselwirkung kosmischer Strahlung mit einfachen extraterrestrischen Eiskoerpern, Report-Juel-2492 (1991), 130pp.

2. R.I. Kaiser, R.M. Mahfouz, K. Roessler, Emission of organic products from the surface of frozen methane under MeV ion irradiation,  Nucl. Instr. Meth. B 65, 468-471 (1992).

3. R.I. Kaiser, J. Lauterwein, P. Mueller, K. Roessler, Energy density effects in the formation of organic residues in frozen methane by MeV ions, Nucl. Instr. Meth. B 65, 463-467 (1992).

4. R.M. Mahfouz, M. Sauer, S.T. Atwa, R.I. Kaiser, K. Roessler, Interaction of MeV ions  and VUV  photons with polymers and high molecular hydrocarbons, Nucl. Instr. Meth. B 65, 447-451 (1992).

5. R.I. Kaiser, K. Roessler, Cosmic ray modification of organic cometary matter as simulated by  cyclotron irradiation, Ann. Geophys. 10, 222-225 (1992).

6. R.I. Kaiser, K. Roessler, Modification of primordial ices by cosmic rays as simulated by cyclotron irradiation in: Asteroids, Comets, Meteors, A.W. Harris, E. Bowell eds., LPI, Houston (1993), 293-295.

7. K. Roessler, R.I. Kaiser, E. Langenscheidt, Strahlenchemie von Koerpern des Sonnensystems in Laborsimulationen, in Proceedings 8. Kometenwerkstatt, K. Roessler, K. Thiel eds., Forschungszentrum Juelich GmbH, Juelich  (1993), 127-137.

8. R.I. Kaiser, MeV-Ionen induzierte chemische Reaktionen in festem Methan, Ethen und Ethin. Theoretische und experimentelle Studien zur Wechselwirkung kosmischer Strahlung mit  extraterrestrischen Eiskoerpern, Report-Juel-2856 (1993), 143 pp.

9. R.I. Kaiser, A. Gabrysch, K. Roessler, Cosmic ray simulator : A versatile apparatus for quantitative studies on the interaction of cosmic rays with frozen solids by on line and in situ quadrupole mass spectrometry and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 66, 3058-3066 (1995). (PDF file)

10. R.I. Kaiser, P. Jansen, K. Petersen, K. Roessler, On line and in situ quantification of gas  mixtures  by matrix interval algebra assisted quadrupole mass spectrometry, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 66, 5226-5231 (1995). (PDF file)

11. R.I. Kaiser, A.G. Suits, A High-Intensity, Pulsed Supersonic Carbon Source with C(³P_j)Kinetic Energies of 0.08 - 0.7 eV for Crossed Beam Experiments, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 66, 5405-5411 (1995). (PDF file)

12. R.I. Kaiser, Y.T. Lee, A.G. Suits, Crossed Beam Reaction of C(³P_j ) with C₂H₂(¹Σ_g⁺): Observation of Tricarbon-Hydride C₃H, J. Chem. Phys. 103, 10395-10398 (1995). (PDF file)

13. R.I. Kaiser, Y.T. Lee, A.G. Suits, Crossed-beam reaction of carbon atoms with hydrocarbon molecules. I. Chemical dynamics of the propargyl radical formation, C₃H₃ (X²B₂), from reaction of C(³P_j) with ethylene, C₂H₄ (X¹A_g), J. Chem. Phys. 105, 8705-8720 (1996). (PDF file)

14. R.I. Kaiser, D. Stranges, Y.T. Lee, A.G. Suits, Crossed-beam reaction of carbon atoms with hydrocarbon molecules. II. Chemical dynamics of n-C₄H₃ formation from  reaction of C(³P_j)  with  methylacetylene, CH₃CCH (X¹A₁), J. Chem. Phys. 105, 8721-8733 (1996). (PDF file)

15. R.I. Kaiser, C. Ochsenfeld, M. Head-Gordon, Y.T. Lee, A.G. Suits, A combined experimental and theoretical study on the formation of interstellar C₃H isomers, Science 274, 1508-1511 (1996). (PDF file).

16. R.I. Kaiser, K. Roessler, Theoretical and laboratory studies on the interaction of cosmic-ray particles with interstellar ices. I. Synthesis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by a cosmic-ray-induced multicenter mechanism, Astrophys.J. 475, 144-154 (1997). (PDF file)

17. R.I. Kaiser, C. Ochsenfeld, M. Head-Gordon, Y.T. Lee, A.G. Suits, Crossed-beam reaction  of carbon atoms with hydrocarbon molecules. III: Chemical dynamics of propynylidyne (l - C₃H; X²P_j) and cyclopropynylidyne (c-C₃H; X²B₂) formation from reaction of C(³P_j) with acetylene, C₂H₂(X¹Σ_g⁺), J. Chem. Phys. 106, 1729-1741 (1997). (PDF file)

18. R.I. Kaiser, D. Stranges, Y.T. Lee, A.G. Suits, Neutral-Neutral reactions in the interstellar medium.  I. formation of carbon hydride radicals via reaction of carbon atoms with unsaturated hydrocarbons, Astrophys. J. 477, 982-989 (1997). (PDF file)

19. C. Ochsenfeld, R.I. Kaiser, Y.T. Lee, A.G. Suits,  M. Head-Gordon, A Coupled-Cluster ab initio study of triplet C₃H₂  and the neutral-neutral reaction to interstellar C₃H, J. Chem. Phys. 106, 4141-4151 (1997). (PDF file)

20. R.I. Kaiser, D. Stranges, H.M. Bevsek, Y.T. Lee, A.G. Suits, Crossed-beam reaction of  carbon atoms with hydrocarbon molecules. IV. Chemical dynamics of methylpropargyl radical formation, C₄H₅, from reaction of C(³P_j) with propylene, C₃H₆ (X¹A'), J. Chem. Phys. 106, 4945-4953 (1997). (PDF file)

21. R.I. Kaiser, W. Sun, A. G. Suits, Crossed beam reaction of atomic carbon C(³P_j) with  hydrogen  sulfide, H₂S (X¹A₁): observation of the thioformyl radical, HCS(X²A'), J. Chem. Phys. 106, 5288-5291 (1997).  (PDF file)

22. R.I. Kaiser, G. Eich, A. Gabrysch, K. Roessler, Theoretical and laboratory studies on the interaction of cosmic-ray particles with interstellar ices. II. Formation of atomic and molecular hydrogen in frozen organic molecules, Astrophys. J. 484, 487-498 (1997). (PDF file)

23. R.I. Kaiser, W. Sun, A.G. Suits, Y.T. Lee, Crossed beam reaction of atomic carbon, C(³P_j), with the propargyl radical, C₃H₃(X²B₂): Observation of diacetylene, C₄H₂(X¹Σ_g⁺), J. Chem. Phys. 107, 8713-8716 (1997). (PDF file)

24. R.I. Kaiser, C. Ochsenfeld, M. Head-Gordon, Y.T. Lee, The formation of HCS and HCSH Molecules and Their Role in the Collision of Comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 with Jupiter, Science 279, 1181-1184 (1998). (PDF file)

25. C. Lecluse, F. Robert, R.I. Kaiser, K. Roessler, C.T. Pillinger, M. Javoy, Carbon isotopes of irradiated methane ices: implications for cometary ¹²C/¹³C ratio, Astronomy and Astrophysics 330, 1175-1179 (1998). (PDF file)

26. H. Habara, S. Yamamoto, C. Ochsenfeld, M. Head-Gordon, R.I. Kaiser, Y.T. Lee, Fourier  transform millimeter-wave spectroscopy of the HCS radical in the ²A'  ground electronic  state, J.  Chem. Phys. 108, 8859-8863 (1998). (PDF file)

27. R.I. Kaiser, K. Roessler, Theoretical and laborartory studies on the  interaction of cosmic-ray particles with interstellar ices. III. Suprathermal chemistry-induced formation of hydrocarbon molecules in solid methane (CH₄), ethylene ( C₂H₄), and acetylene (C₂H₂),, Astrophys. J. 503, 959-975 (1998). (PDF file)

28. R.I. Kaiser, C. Ochsenfeld, D. Stranges, M. Head-Gordon, Y.T. Lee, Combined Crossed  Molecular Beams and ab initio Investigation of the Formation of Carbon-bearing Molecules  in  the interstellar medium via neutral-neutral reactions. Farad. Discussion 109, 183-204 (1998). (PDF file)

29. R.I. Kaiser et al., General Discussion, Faraday Discussion 109, 83-108 (1998). (PDF file)

30. R.I. Kaiser et al., General Discussion, Faraday Discussion 109, 217-256 (1998). (PDF file)

31. R.I. Kaiser et al., General Discussion, Faraday Discussion 109, 493-516 (1998).  (PDF file)

32. R.I. Kaiser, C. Ochsenfeld, M. Head-Gordon, and Y.T. Lee, Neutral-Neutral reactions in the interstellar medium. II. isotope effects in the formation of linear and cyclic C₃H and C₃D radicals in  interstellar environments, Astrophys. J. 510 784-788 (1999). (PDF file)

33. R.I. Kaiser, C. Ochsenfeld, M. Head-Gordon, and Y.T. Lee, Crossed-beam reaction of carbon atoms with sulfur containing molecules. I. Chemical dynamics of thioformyl (HCS X²A') formation  from reaction of C(³P_j) with hydrogen sulfide, H₂S(X¹A₁), J. Chem. Phys.110, 2391-2403 (1999). (PDF file)

34. R.I. Kaiser, I. Hahndorf, L.C.L. Huang, Y.T. Lee, H.F. Bettinger, P.v.R. Schleyer,  H.F. Schaefer III, P.R. Schreiner, Crossed beams reaction of atomic carbon, C(³P_j), with d₆-benzene, C₆D₆(X¹A_1g):  Observation of  the per-deutero-1,2-didehydro-cycloheptatrienyl radical, C₇D₅ (X²B₂), J. Chem.  Phys. 110, 6091- 6094 (1999). (PDF file)

35. L.C.L. Huang, Y.T. Lee, R.I. Kaiser, Crossed beam reaction of the cyanogen radical, CN(X²Σ⁺),  with acetylene, C₂H₂(X¹Σ_g⁺): Observation of cyanoacetylene, HCCCN (X¹Σ⁺), J. Chem. Phys. 110, 7119-7122 (1999). (PDF file)

36. C. Ochsenfeld, R.I. Kaiser, Y.T. Lee, and M. Head-Gordon, Coupled-Cluster ab initio investigation of singlet/triplet CH₂S isomers and the reaction of atomic carbon with  hydrogen sulfide to HCS/HSC, J. Chem. Phys 110, 9982-9988 (1999). (PDF file)

37. R.I. Kaiser, A.M. Mebel, A.H.H. Chang, S.H. Lin, and Y.T. Lee, Crossed-beam reaction of  carbon  atoms with hydrocarbon molecules. V. Chemical dynamics of n-C₄H₃ formation from reaction of C(³P_j) with allene, H₂CCCH₂ (X¹A₁), J. Chem. Phys. 110, 10330 - 10344 (1999). (PDF file)

38. R.I. Kaiser, G. Eich, A. Gabrysch, and K. Roessler, The hydrogen peroxyde radical, HO₂ - a potential tracer of interstellar molecular oxygen, Astron. Astrophys. 346, 340-344 (1999). (PDF file)

39. L.C.L. Huang, N. Balucani, Y.T. Lee, R.I. Kaiser, Y. Osamura, Crossed beam reaction of the cyano radical, CN(X²Σ⁺), with methylacetylene, CH₃CCH (X¹A₁): Observation of cyanopropyne, CH₃CCCN (X¹A₁), and cyanoallene, H₂CCCHCN (X¹A'), J. Chem. Phys. 111, 2857-2860 (1999). (PDF file)

40. N. Balucani, O. Asvany, A.H.H. Chang, S.H. Lin, Y.T. Lee, R.I. Kaiser, H.F. Bettinger, P.v.R. Schleyer, H.F. Schaefer III, Crossed beam reaction of cyano radicals with  hydrocarbon molecules. I. Chemical dynamics of cyanobenzene (C₆H₅CN; X¹A₁) and  perdeutero cyanobenzene  (C₆D₅CN;  X¹A₁) formation from reaction of CN(X²Σ⁺) with  benzene, C₆H₆(X¹A_1g), and d₆-benzene, C₆D₆(X¹A_1g), J. Chem. Phys. 111, 7457-7471 (1999). (PDF file)

41. N. Balucani, O. Asvany, A.H.H. Chang, S.H. Lin, Y.T. Lee, R.I. Kaiser, H.F. Bettinger,  P.v.R.  Schleyer, H.F. Schaefer III, Crossed beam reaction of cyano radicals with  hydrocarbon molecules.  II. Chemical dynamics of 1-cyano-1-methylallene (CNCH₃CCCH₂; X¹A') formation from  reaction  of CN(X²Σ⁺) with dimethylacetylene, CH₃CCCH₃ (X¹A₁'), J. Chem. Phys. 111, 7472-7479 (1999). (PDF file)

42. R.I. Kaiser, J.W. Ting, L.C.L. Huang, N. Balucani, O. Asvany, Y.T. Lee, H. Chan, D. Stranges, D. Gee, A  versatile source to produce high-intensity, pulsed supersonic radical beam  for crossed-beams experiments:  the cyanogen radical CN(X²Σ⁺) as a case study, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 70, 4185-4191(1999). (PDF file)

43. R.I. Kaiser, Book review on ‘Laboratory Astrophysics and Space Research’ edited by P. Ehrenfreud, C. Krafft, H. Kochan, V. Pironello, Planetary and Space Science, 48, 113-114 (2000). (PDF file)

44. A.M. Mebel, R.I. Kaiser, Y.T. Lee, Ab initio MO study of the global potential energy surface of C₄H₄ in triplet electronic state and the reactions of C(³P_j) with C₃H₄ (allene and propyne) and C₂(A³П_u) with C₂H₄(X¹A_1g⁺), J. Am. Chem. Soc. 122, 1776-1788 (2000). (PDF file)

45. R.I. Kaiser, O. Asvany, Y.T. Lee, H.F. Bettinger, P.v.R. Schleyer, H.F. Schaefer III, Crossed  beam  reaction of phenyl radicals with unsaturated hydrocarbon molecules. I. Chemical dynamics  of  phenylmethylacetylene (C₆H₅CCCH₃; X¹A') formation from reaction of  C₆H₅(X²A₁) with  methylacetylene, CH₃CCH (X¹A_1,) , J. Chem. Phys 112, 4994-5001 (2000). (PDF file)

46. R.I. Kaiser, O. Asvany, Y.T. Lee, Crossed beam investigation of elementary  reactions relevant to the formation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-like molecules in extraterrestrial environments, Planetary and Space Science 48,483-492 (2000). (PDF file)

47. N. Balucani, O. Asvany, Y. Osamura, L.C.L. Huang, Y.T. Lee, R.I. Kaiser, Laboratory investigation on the  formation of unsaturated nitriles in Titan’s atmosphere, Planetary and Space Science 48, 447-462 (2000). (PDF file)

48. R.I. Kaiser, N. Balucani, O. Asvany, Y.T. Lee in: Astrochemistry: From molecular clouds to Planetary systems, Y.C.Minh, E.F. van Dishoeck (eds.), Crossed molecular beam experiments of radical-neutral reactions relevant to the formation of hydrogen deficient molecules in extraterrestrial environments, IAU Series 197 (2000), 251-264.

49. H.F. Bettinger, P.v.R. Schleyer, H.F. Schaefer III, P.R. Schreiner, R.I. Kaiser, Y.T. Lee, The reaction of benzene with a ground state carbon atom, C(³P_j), J. Chem. Phys. 113, 4250-4263 (2000). (PDF file)

50. I. Hahndorf, H.Y. Lee, A.M. Mebel, S.H. Lin, Y.T. Lee, R.I. Kaiser, A combined crossed beam and  ab initio investigation on the reaction of carbon species with C₄H₆ isomers. I. the 1,3-butadiene molecule, H₂CCHCHCH₂ (X¹A') J. Chem. Phys.  113, 9622-9636 (2000). (PDF file)

51. L.C.L. Huang, H.Y. Lee, A.M. Mebel, S.H. Lin, Y.T. Lee, R.I. Kaiser, A combined crossed beam and ab initio investigation on the reaction of carbon species with C₄H₆ isomers. II. the dimethylacetylene molecule, H₃CCCCH₃ (X¹A_1g), J. Chem. Phys. 113, 9637-9648 (2000). (PDF file)

52. N. Balucani, O. Asvany, A.H.H. Chang, S.H. Lin, Y.T. Lee, R.I. Kaiser, Y. Osamura, Crossed beam  reaction of cyano radicals with hydrocarbon molecules. III. Chemical   dynamics of vinylcyanide (C₂H₃CN; X¹A') formation from reaction of CN(X²Σ⁺) with ethylene, C₂H₄(X¹A_g), J. Chem. Phys 113, 8643-8655 (2000). (PDF file)

53. L.C.L. Huang, O. Asvany, A.H.H. Chang, N. Balucani, S.H. Lin, Y.T. Lee, R.I. Kaiser, Y. Osamura, Crossed beam reaction of cyano radicals with hydrocarbon molecules. IV. Chemical dynamics of cyanoacetylene (HCCCN; X¹Σ⁺) formation from reaction of CN(X²Σ⁺) with acetylene, C₂H₂(X¹Σ_g⁺),  J. Chem. Phys. 113, 8656-8666 (2000). (PDF file)

54. N. Balucani, O. Asvany, Y. T. Lee, R. I. Kaiser, N. Galland, Y. Hannachi, Observation of borirene from crossed beam reaction of boron atoms with ethylene, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 122 11234-11235 (2000). (PDF file)

55. N. Balucani, O. Asvany, L.C.L. Huang, Y. T. Lee, R.I. Kaiser, Y. Osamura, H.F. Bettinger, Formation of Nitriles in the Interstellar Medium via  reactions of cyano radicals,   CN(X²Σ⁺),   with unsaturated hydrocarbons, Ap.J. 545, 892-906 (2000). (PDF file)

56. R.I. Kaiser, A. Mebel, Y.T. Lee, Chemical dynamics of cyclopropynylidyne (c-C₃H; X²B₂) formation from the reaction of C(¹D) with  acetylene, C₂H₂(X¹Σ_g⁺), J. Chem. Phys. 114, 231-239 (2001). (PDF file)

57. R.I. Kaiser, H.Y. Lee, A.M. Mebel, Y. T. Lee, The formation of C₅H₅ isomers as potential key intermediates to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-like molecules, ApJ 548, 852-860 (2001). (PDF file)

58. R.I. Kaiser, C.C. Chiong, O. Asvany, Y.T. Lee, F. Stahl, P.v.R. Schleyer, H.F.  Schaefer III, Chemical   dynamics of   d1-methyldiacetylene (CH₃CCCCD; X¹A₁) and d1-ethynylallene (H₂CCCH(C₂D);  X¹A')  formation from  reaction of C₂D(X²Σ⁺) with methylacetylene  CH₃CCH(X¹A₁), J. Chem. Phys. 114, 3488-3496   (2001). (PDF file)

59. F. Stahl, P.v.R. Schleyer, H.F. Bettinger, R.I. Kaiser, Y.T. Lee, H.F. Schaefer III, Reaction of the ethynyl radical, C₂H,  with methylacetylene, CH₃CCH, under single collision conditions: implications for astrochemistry, J. Chem. Phys. 114,   3476-3487 (2001). (PDF file)

60. T.N. Lee, H.Y. Lee, A.M. Mebel, R.I. Kaiser, Ab initio MO study of the triplet C₃H₄ potential energy surface and the reaction of C(³P_j) with ethylene, C₂H₄, J. Phys. Chem. A. 105, 1847-1856 (2001). (PDF file)

61. T.L. Nguyen, A.M. Mebel, R.I. Kaiser, A theoretical investigation of the triplet carbon atom  C(³P) + vinyl   radical C₂H₃(²A') reaction and thermochemistry of C₃H_n (n=1-4) species, J. Phys. Chem. A 105, 3284-3299   (2001). (PDF file)

62. C.C. Chiong, O. Asvany, N. Balucani, Y.T. Lee, R.I. Kaiser, Nucleation of hydrogen deficient carbon clusters in circumstellar envelops of carbon stars, World Scientific Press, Proceedings of the 8^th Asia-Pacific Physics Conference, APPC 2000, 167-169 (2001).

63. N. Balucani, O. Asvany, Y.T. Lee, R.I. Kaiser, N. Galland, M.T. Rayez, Y. Hannachi, Gas-phase detection of the HBCC(X¹Σ) molecule: A combined crossed beam  and computational study of   the  B(²P) + C₂H₂(¹Σ_g⁺) reaction, J. Comp. Chem. (special  issue in honor of Prof. Schleyers 70^th birthday),   22, 1359-1365 (2001). (PDF file)

64. T.N. Le, A.M. Mebel, R.I. Kaiser, Ab Initio Study of the C₄H₃ Potential Energy Surface and reaction of ground-state carbon atom with propargyl radical, J. Comp. Chem. (special issue in honor of Prof. Schleyers 70^th   birthday), 22, 1522-1535 (2001). (PDF file)

65. N. Balucani, H.Y. Lee, A.M. Mebel, Y.T. Lee, R.I. Kaiser, A combined crossed beam and ab initio investigation on the reaction of carbon species with C₄H₆ isomers. III. 1,2-butadiene,  H₂CCCH(CH₃) (X¹A') – a non-Rice-Ramsperger-Kassel-Marcus  system?,  J. Chem. Phys., 115, 5107-5116 (2001). (PDF file)

66. R.I. Kaiser, A.M. Mebel, Y.T. Lee, A.H.H. Chang, Unimolecular decomposition of chemically activated  triplet  C₄HD₃ complexes:  a combined crossed-beam and ab initio study, J. Chem. Phys., 115, 5117-5125 (2001). (PDF file)

67. R.I. Kaiser, N. Balucani, The Formation of Nitriles in Hydrocarbon-Rich Atmospheres of Planets and Their satellites: Laboratory Investigations by the Crossed Molecular Beam Technique, Acc.  Chem. Res., 34, 699-706 (2001). (PDF file)

68. R.I. Kaiser, The role of cyano (CN) and Ethynyl (C₂H) Radicals in astrobiology and implications to the origin of life on Earth, ESA –Special Publication ‘Exo- and Astrobiology’, 496, 145-154 (2001).  (PDF file)

69. N. Balucani, A. M. Mebel, Y.T. Lee, R.I. Kaiser, A Combined Crossed Molecular Beam and Ab Initio Study of  the Reactions C₂ + C₂H₄ -> n-C₄H₃(X²A’) + H(²S_1/2), J. Phys. Chem. A, 43, 9813-9818 (2001). (PDF file)

70. R.I. Kaiser, T.L. Lee, T.L. Nguyen, A.M. Mebel, N. Balucani, Y.T. Lee, F. Stahl, P.v.R. Schleyer, H.F. Schaefer III, A  combined crossed   molecular  beam and  ab initio investigation of C₂ and C₃ elementary reactions with unsaturated hydrocarbons –  pathways  to hydrogen deficient hydrocarbon radicals in  combustion flames, Faraday Discussion 119, 51-66 (2001). (PDF file)

71. R.I. Kaiser et al. General Discussion, Faraday Discussions 119, 121-143 (2001). (PDF file)

72. R.I. Kaiser et al. General Discussion, Faraday Discussions 119, 255-274 (2001). (PDF file)

73. R.I. Kaiser et al. General Discussion, Faraday Discussions 119, 353-370 (2001). (PDF file)

74. R.I. Kaiser, T.L. Nguyen, T.N. Le, and A.M. Mebel, An ab initio investigation of reactions of   carbon atoms,   C(³P_j), with C₂H₄ and C₃H₆ in the interstellar medium, Ap.J. 561, 858-863 (2001). (PDF file)

75. R.I. Kaiser, Molecular Symmetry and Group Theory, Phys. Science Educ. Reviews 3, 25 (2001). (PDF file)

76. T.L. Nguyen, A.M. Mebel, S.H. Lin, R.I. Kaiser, Product branching ratios of the C(³P) +  C₂H₃(²A’) and  CH + C₂H₂ (¹Σ_g⁺) reactions and photodissociation of H₂CC=CH(²B₁) at  193 and 242 nm: An ab initio/RRKM  study, J. Phys. Chem. A 105, 11549-11559 (2001). (PDF file)

77. R.I. Kaiser, Y.T. Lee, Laboratory chemical dynamics in hydrocarbon rich atmospheres of outer planets, Highlights of Astronomy, Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 12, 88-91 (2002)

78. A.M. Mebel, R.I. Kaiser, The formation of interstellar C₂N isomers in circumstellar envelopes  of  carbon stars:   an ab initio study, Ap.J. 564, 787-791 (2002). (PDF file)

79. R.I. Kaiser, T.L. Nguyen, A.M. Mebel, Y.T. Lee, Stripping dynamics in the reactions of electronically  excited  carbon atoms, C(¹D), with ethylene and propylene – production of propargyl and methylpropargyl radicals, J.  Chem. Phys. 116, 1318-1324 (2002). (PDF file)

80. I. Hahndorf, Y.T. Lee, R.I. Kaiser, L. Vereecken, J. Peeters, H.F. Bettinger, P.R. Schreiner, P.v.R. Schleyer, W.D. Allen, H.F.  Schaefer III, A combined crossed-beam, ab initio, and Rice–Ramsperger–Kassel–Marcus investigation of the reaction of carbon atoms C(³P_j) with benzene, C₆H₆(X¹A_1g) and d₆-benzene, C₆D₆(X¹A_1g), J. Chem. Phys. 116, 3248-3262 (2002). (PDF file)

81. R.I. Kaiser, N. Balucani, Astrobiology – The final frontier in chemical reaction dynamics, Int. J. Astrobiology 1, 15-23 (2002). (PDF file)

82. L. Vereecken, J. Peeters, H.F. Bettinger, R.I. Kaiser, P.v.R. Schleyer, H.F. Schaefer III, Reaction of phenyl radicals with propyne, JACS 124, 2781-2789 (2002). (PDF file)

83. N. Balucani, O. Asvany, R.I. Kaiser, Y. Osamura, Formation of three C₄H₃N isomers from the reaction of CN(X²Σ⁺)with allene, H₂CCCH₂ (X¹A₁), and methylacetylene, CH₃CCH (X¹A₁):  A  combined crossed beam and ab initio study, J. Phys. Chem. A 106, 4301-4311 (2002).  (PDF file)

84. R.I. Kaiser, Experimental Investigation on the Formation of Carbon-Bearing Molecules in the Interstellar Medium via Neutral-Neutral Reactions, Chem. Rev., 102, 1309-1358 (2002). (PDF file)

85. R.I. Kaiser, M. Yamada, Y. Osamura, A crossed beam and ab initio investigation of the reaction of hydrogen sulfide, H₂S(X¹A₁), with dicarbon molecules, C₂(X¹ Σ_g⁺), J. Phys. Chem. A, 106, 4825-4832(2002). (PDF file)

86. R.I. Kaiser, H.F. Bettinger, Gas-Phase Detection of the elusive Benzoborirene Molecule, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 41, 2350-2352 (2002). (PDF file)

87. R.I. Kaiser, A.M. Mebel, The reactivity of ground-state carbon atoms with unsaturated hydrocarbons in combustion flames and in the interstellar medium,  Int. Rev. in Physical  Chemistry, 21, 307-356 (2002). (PDF file)

88. R.I. Kaiser, F. Stahl, P.v.R. Schleyer, H.F. Schaefer III, Atomic and molecular hydrogen elimination in the crossed beam reaction of d1-ethinyl  radicals C₂D(X²Σ⁺) with acetylene,C₂H₂(X¹ Σ_g⁺),: Dynamics of d1-diacetylene (HCCCCD)  and d1-butadiynyl (DCCCC)  formation, PCCP, 4, 2950-2958 (2002). (PDF file)

89. A.M. Mebel, R.I. Kaiser, An ab initio Study on the Formation of Interstellar Tricarbon Isomers 1-C₃(X¹ Σ_g⁺) and c-C₃(X³A'₂),  Chem. Phys. Lett., 360, 139-143 (2002). (PDF file))

90. F. Stahl, P.v.R. Schleyer, H.F. Schaefer III, R.I. Kaiser, Reactions of ethynyl radicals as a source of C₄ and C₅ hydrocarbons in Titan’s atmosphere, Planetary and Space Science 50, 685-692 (2002). (PDF file)

91. M. Yamada, Y. Osamura, R.I. Kaiser, A comprehensive investigation on the formation of organo-sulfur molecules in dark clouds via neutral-neutral reactions, Astronomy  and Astrophysics 395, 1031-1044 (2002). (PDF file)

92. T. L. Nguyen, A. M. Mebel, R. I. Kaiser, Potential Energy Surface and Product Branching Ratios for the Reaction of C(³P_j) with the Allyl Radical: An Ab Initio/RRKM Study, J. Phys. Chem. A, 107, 2990-2999 (2003). (PDF file)

93. R.J. Morton, R.I. Kaiser, Kinetics of suprathermal hydrogen atom reactions with saturated hydrides in planetary and satellite atmospheres, Planetary and Space Sciences, 51, 365-373 (2003). (PDF file)

94. D. Sillars, R.I. Kaiser, N. Galland, Y. Hannachi, Crossed-beam reaction of boron atoms, B(²P_j), with  dimethylacetylene, CH₃CCCH₃(X¹A_1g): Untangling  the reaction dynamics to form the 1,2-dimethylene-3-bora-cyclopropane molecule, J. Phys. Chem. A, 107, 5149-5156 (2003).  (PDF file)

95. R.I. Kaiser, L. Vereecken, J. Peeters, H.F. Bettinger, P.v. R. Schleyer, H.F. Schaefer III, Elementary reactions of the phenyl radical, C₆H₅, with C₃H₄ isomers, and of benzene, C₆H₆, with atomic carbon in extraterrestrial environments, Astronomy  & Astrophysics, 406, 385-391 (2003). (PDF file)

96. R.I. Kaiser, N. Balucani, D.O. Charkin, A.M. Mebel, A crossed beam and ab initio study of the C₂ +  C₂H₂(X¹ Σ_g⁺) reactions, Chem. Phys. Lett. 382, 112-119 (2003).  (PDF file)

97. R.I. Kaiser, N. Balucani, N. Galland, F. Caralp, M.T. Rayez, Y. Hannachi, Unraveling the chemical dynamics of bimolecular  reactions of ground state boron atoms, B(²P_j), with acetylene, C₂H₂. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 6, 2205-2211 (2004).  (PDF file)

98. H.F. Bettinger, R.I. Kaiser, Reaction of benzene and boron atom: Mechanism of Formation of Benzoborirene and Hydrogen Atom, JPCA, 108, 4576-4586 (2004). (PDF file)

99. C.J. Bennett, C. Jamieson, A.M. Mebel, R.I. Kaiser, Untangling the formation of the cyclic carbon trioxide isomer in low temperature carbon dioxide ices, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 6, 735-746 (2004).  (PDF file)

100. D. Sillars, C.J. Bennett, Y. Osamura, R.I. Kaiser, Infrared spectroscopic detection of the disilenyl (Si₂H₃) and d3-disilenyl (Si₂D₃) radicals in silane and d4-silane matrices, Chem. Phys. Lett. 392, 541-548 (2004). (PDF file)

101. D. Sillars, C.J. Bennett, Y. Osamura, R.I. Kaiser, First infrared spectroscopic characterization of the disilyl (Si₂H₅) and d5-disilyl (Si₂D₅) radicals in low temperature silane matrices, Chem. Phys. 305, 141-153 (2004). (PDF file)

102. C.J. Bennett, D. Sillars, Y. Osamura, R.I. Kaiser, Infrared spectroscopic identification of the methylsilylidyne (SiCH₃, X²A") and the silenyl (H₂CSiH, X²A') radicals in methane-silane matrices, Chem. Phys. Lett. 404, 327-335 (2005).  (PDF file)

103. H.F. Su, R.I. Kaiser, A.H.H. Chang, A theoretical study for the reaction of vinyl cyanide C₂H₃CN(X¹A') with the ground state carbon atoms C(³P) in cold molecular clouds,  J. Chem. Phys. 122, 074320/1-22 (2005).  (PDF file)

104. R.I. Kaiser, Y. Osamura, Infrared Spectroscopic Studies of Hydrogenated Silicon Clusters Guiding the Search for Si₂H_x Species in  the Circumstellar Envelope of IRC+10216, Astron. & Astrophys. 432 559-566 (2005). (PDF file)

105. N. Balucani, R.I. Kaiser, Cyanoalkynes and Cyanopolyynes: from Crossed Beam Experiments to Astrochemistry, in: Polyynes: Synthesis, Properties, and Applications, F. Cataldo, ed., CRS Press, New York (2005), 285-322.

106. C.S. Jamieson, C.J. Bennett, A.M. Mebel, R.I. Kaiser, Investigating the mechanism for the formation of nitrous oxide (N₂O(X¹ Σ⁺)) in extraterrestrial ices, ApJ 624, 436-447 (2005). (PDF file)

107. C.J. Bennett, C.S. Jamieson, Y. Osamura, R.I. Kaiser, A combined experimental and computational investigation on the synthesis of acetaldehyde (CH₃CHO(X¹A')) in interstellar ices, ApJ 624, 1097-1115 (2005). (PDF file)

108. P.D. Holtom, C.J. Bennett, Y. Osamura, N.J. Mason, R.I. Kaiser, A Combined Experimental and Theoretical Study on the Formation of the Amino Acid Glycine (NH₂CH₂COOH) and its Isomer (CH₃NHCOOH) in Extraterrestrial Ices, Ap.J. 626 940-952 (2005).  (PDF file)

109. D.S. Sillars, C.J. Bennett, Y. Osamura, R.I. Kaiser, Infrared spectroscopic detection of  the methylsilyl (CH₃SiH₂, X²A') and the silylmethyl (CH₂SiH₃, X²A') radicals and their partially deuterated counterparts in low temperature matrices,  Chem. Phys. 315, 41-52 (2005).  (PDF file)

110. R.I. Kaiser, Y. Osamura, Laboratory Studies on the Infrared Absorptions of Hydrogenated Carbon-Silicon Clusters: Directing the Identification of Organometallic SiCH_x Species toward IRC+10216, ApJ 630, 1217-1223 (2005). (PDF file)

111. X. Gu, Y. Guo, E. Kawamura, R.I. Kaiser, Design of a convection-cooled, cluster-based voltage divider chain for photomultiplier tubes, Rev. Sci. Instr. 76 083115-1-6 (2005). (PDF file)

112. X. Gu, Y.Guo, R.I. Kaiser, Mass Spectrum of the Butadiynyl Radical (C₄H; X² Σ⁺). Int. J. Mass Spectr. 246, 29-34 (2005). (PDF file)

113. X. Gu, Y. Guo, H. Chan, E. Kawamura, R.I. Kaiser, Design and Characteristics of a High-Precision Chopper  Wheel Motor Driver. Rev. Sci. Instr.  76, 116103-1-3 (2005). (PDF file)

114. C.J. Bennett, Y. Osamura, M.D. Lebar, R.I. Kaiser, Laboratory studies on the formation of three C₂H₄O isomers- acetaldehyde (CH₃CHO), ethylene oxide (c-C₂H₄O), and vinyl alcohol (CH₂CHOH) - in interstellar and cometary ices, Ap.J.  634, 698-711 (2005). (PDF file)

115. C.J. Bennett, R.I. Kaiser, Laboratory studies on the formation of ozone (O₃) on icy satellites and on interstellar and cometary ices. ApJ 635, 1362-1369 (2005). (PDF file)

116. C.S. Jamieson, A.M. Mebel, R.I. Kaiser, A Matrix Isolation Study of the C_s Symmetric OCNO(X²A″) Radical.  PCCP  7, 4089-4095 (2005). (PDF file)

117. H. Y. Li, W. C. Cheng, Y. L. Liu, B. J. Sun, C. Y. Huang, K. T. Chen, M. S. Tang, R. I. Kaiser, A. H. H.  Chang, Reaction of cyanoacetylene HCCCN(X¹Σ⁺) with ground-state carbon atoms C(³P) in cold molecular clouds.  J. Chem. Phys, 124, 44307-1-17 (2006). (PDF file)

118. A. M. Mebel, V. V. Kislov, R. I. Kaiser, Potential Energy Surface and Product Branching Ratios for the Reaction of Dicarbon,C₂(X¹ Σ_g⁺), with Methylacetylene, CH₃CCH(X¹A₁): An Ab Initio/RRKM Study, JPCA 110,  2421-2433 (2006). (PDF file)

119. W. Zheng, D. Jewitt, R.I. Kaiser, Formation of Hydrogen, Oxygen, and  Hydrogen Peroxide in Electron-Irradiated Crystalline Water Ice. ApJ 639, 534-548 (2006). (PDF file)

120. Y. Guo, X. Gu, R.I. Kaiser, Mass Spectrum of the 1-Butene-3-yne-2-yl Radical (i-C₄H₃; X²A'). Int. J. Mass Spectrometry 249-250, 420-425 (2006). (PDF file)

121. Y. Guo, X. Gu, E. Kawamura, R.I. Kaiser, Design of a modular and versatile interlock system for ultrahigh vacuum machines: A crossed molecular beam setup as a case study. Rev. Sci. Instr. 77, 034701-9 (2006). (PDF file)

122. C.S. Jamieson, A.M. Mebel, R.I. Kaiser, Understanding the kinetics and dynamics of radiation-induced reaction pathways in carbon monoxide ice at 10 K, ApJSS 163, 184-206 (2006). (PDF file)

123. X. Gu, Y. Guo, E. Kawamura, R.I. Kaiser, Characteristics and Diagnostics of a Ultrahigh Vacuum Compatible Laser Ablation Source for Crossed Molecular Beam Experiments. J. Vac. Science & Technology A, 24, 505-511 (2006).  (PDF file)

124. Y. Guo, X. Gu, N. Balucani, R.I. Kaiser, Formation of the 2,4-pentadiynyl-1 radical (H₂CCCCCH, X²B₁) in  the Crossed Beams Reaction of Dicarbon Molecules with Methylacetylene. JPCA 110, 6245-6249 (2006). (PDF file)

125. W. Carrier, W. Zheng, Y. Osamura, R.I. Kaiser, First infrared spectroscopic characterization of digermyl  (Ge₂H₅) and d5-digermyl (Ge₂D₅) radicals in low temperature germane matrices, Chemical Physics 325, 499–508 (2006) (PDF file)

126. X. Gu, Y. Guo, A.M. Mebel, R.I. Kaiser, Chemical Dynamics of the Formation of the 1,3-Butadiynyl Radical  (C₄H( X² Σ⁺)) and its Isotopomers. JPCA, 110, 11265-11278 (2006).(PDF file)

127. W. Zheng, D. Jewitt, R.I. Kaiser, Temperature Dependence on the Formation of Hydrogen, Oxygen, and Hydrogen Peroxide in Electron-Irradiated Crystalline Water Ice. ApJ 648, 753-761 (2006).(PDF file)

128. Y. Guo, X. Gu, F. Zhang, A.M. Mebel, R.I. Kaiser, Unimolecular Decomposition of Chemically Activated  Pentatetraene (H₂CCCCCH₂) Intermediates – A Crossed Beams Study of Dicarbon Molecule Reactions with Allene.  JPCA 110, 10699-10707 (2006).(PDF file)

129. X. Gu, Y. Guo, F. Zhang, A.M. Mebel, R.I. Kaiser, Reaction Dynamics of Carbon-Bearing Radicals in Circumstellar Envelopes of Carbon Stars. Faraday Discussion 133: Chemical Evolution of the Universe, 245-275 (2006).(PDF file)

130. W. Carrier, W. Zheng, Y. Osamura, R.I. Kaiser, Infrared spectroscopic identification of digermene, Ge₂H₄ (X¹A_g), and of the  digermenyl radical, Ge₂H₃(X²A"), together with their deuterated counterparts in low temperature germane matrices.  Chem. Phys 330, 275–286 (2006).(PDF file)

131. C.J. Bennett, C.S. Jamieson, Y. Osamura, R.I. Kaiser, Laboratory studies on the irradiation of methane in  interstellar, cometary, and solar system ices. ApJ, 653, 792-811 (2006).(PDF file)

132. R.I. Kaiser, P. Bernath, Y. Osamura, S. Petrie, A.M. Mebel, Astrochemistry-From Laboratory Studies to Observations. Amwerican Institute of Physics, New York (2006).

133. N.J. Mason, A. Dawes, P.D. Holtom, R.J. Mukerji, M.P. Davis, B. Sivaraman, R.I. Kaiser, S.V. Hoffman,  D.A. Shaw, VUV spectroscopy and photo-processing of astrochemical ices: An experimental study. Faraday Discussion 133: Chemical Evolution of the Universe, 311-330 (2006).(PDF file)

134. A. M. Mebel, V. V. Kislov, R. I. Kaiser, Ab Initio/RRKM Study of the Singlet C₄H₄ Potential Energy Surface and of the Reactions of C₂ (X¹ Σ_g⁺) with C₂H₄(X¹A_1g) and C(¹D) with C₃H₄ (Allene and Methylacetylene), J. Chem. Phys. 125, 133113-1/15(2006). (PDF file)

135. N.J. Mason, A. Dawes, P.D. Holtom, R.J. Mukerji, M. P. Davis, B. Sivaraman, R.I. Kaiser, S.V. Hoffmann,   D.A. Shaw, VUV Spectroscopy of Extraterrestrial Ices in: Astrochemistry – From Laboratory Studies to Observations. American Institute of Physics, 855, 128-142 (2006).(Link)

136. Y. Osamura, R.I. Kaiser, A Computational study of Si₂H and Si₂H₂ species as candidates of interstellar molecules in: Astrochemistry – From Laboratory Studies to Observations. American Institute of Physics, 855, 289-295 ( 2006).(Link)

137. Y. Ge, K. Olsen, R.I. Kaiser, J.D. Head, The potential energy surface of the H₂O₂ system, in: Astrochemistry –   From Laboratory Studies to  Observations. American Institute of Physics (2006), 855, 253-259 (Link)

138. C.S. Jamieson, A.M. Mebel, R.I. Kaiser, Identification of the D_3h isomer of carbon trioxide (CO₃) and its implications for atmospheric chemistry. Chem. Phys. Chem., 7, 2441- 2443(2006).(PDF file)

139. Y. Chin, R.I. Kaiser, C. Lemme, C. Henkel, Detection of Interstellar Cyanoallene and its implications for Astrochemistry in: Astrochemistry – From Laboratory Studies to  Observations. American Institute of Physics, 855, 149-153 (2006).(Link)

140. Y. Guo, V.V. Kislov, X. Gu, F. Zhang, A.M. Mebel, R.I. Kaiser, A Combined Experimental and Theoretical Study of the Reaction of Dicarbon (C₂) with D1-Acetylene (HCCD): Possible Mechanisms for Deuterium enrichment in the Interstellar D1-Butadiynyl Radical, (CCCCD(X²Σ⁺)). ApJ, 653, 1577-1582 (2006).(PDF file)

141. C.S. Jamieson, A.M. Mebel, R.I. Kaiser Investigating the Formation of Intermediates in the Reactions of Carbon dioxide (CO₂) with Suprathermal Oxygen and Nitrogen Atoms. in: Astrochemistry – From Laboratory Studies to  Observations. American Institute of Physics, 855, 100-106 (2006). (Link)

142. Y. Guo, X. Gu, F. Zhang, A.M. Mebel, R. I. Kaiser, Reaction Dynamics of Small Carbon Clusters with Unsaturated Hydrocarbons in the Interstellar Medium. in: Astrochemistry – From Laboratory Studies to  Observations. American Institute of Physics, 855, 42-54 (2006).(Link)

143. C.S. Jamieson, Y. Guo, X. Gu, F. Zhang, C.J. Bennett, R.I. Kaiser, Laboratory Studies on the Formation of Carbon-Bearing Molecules in Extraterrestrial Environments – From the Gas Phase to the Solid State. Proceedings of the NASA Laboratory Astrophysics Workshop; NASA Special Issue, CP – 2006- 214549, 68-71 (2006).

144. Y. Guo, X. Gu,  F. Zhang,  A.H.H. Chang,  R.I. Kaiser, A Crossed Beams Study of the Reaction of Carbon Atoms, C(³P_j), with Vinyl Cyanide, C₂H₃CN(X¹A') - Investigating the Formation of Cyano Propargyl Radicals. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys, 8, 5454 - 5461 (2006).(PDF file)

145. W. Carrier, W. Zheng, Y. Osamura, R.I. Kaiser, Laboratory Investigations on the Infrared Absorptions of Germanium-Bearing Molecules--Directing the Identification of Organo-Germanium Molecules in the Atmospheres of Jupiter and Saturn, ApJ, 654, 687-692 (2007)..(PDF file)

146. W. Zheng, D.C. Jewitt, R.I. Kaiser, Electron Irradiation of Crystalline and Amorphous D₂O Ice. CPL 435, 289-294 (2007). (PDF file)

147. W. Carrier, C.S.Jamieson, R.I. Kaiser, Mechanistic Studies on the Formation of Trifluoromethyl Sulfur Pentafluoride, SF₅CF₃ - A Greenhouse Gas. Inorganic Chemistry 46, 1332-1336 (2007) (PDF file)

148. X. Gu,Y. Guo, F. Zhang, A.M. Mebel, R. I. Kaiser, A Crossed Molecular Beams Study of the Reaction of Dicarbon Molecules with Benzene, Chem. Phys. Lett 436, 7-14 (2007). (PDF file)

149. X. Gu,Y. Guo, R.I. Kaiser, Mass Spectra of the 2,4-Pentadiynylidyne (C₅H; X²П) and the 2,4-Pentadiynyl-1 (n-C₅H₃; X²B₁) Radicals. Int. J. Mass Spectrometry 261, 100-107 (2007).(PDF file)

150. X. Gu,Y. Guo, F. Zhang, R.I. Kaiser, Investigating the Chemical Dynamics of the Reaction of Ground-State Carbon Atoms with Acetylene and Its Isotopomers. JPCA. 111, 2980-2992(2007).(PDF file)

151. Y. Guo, X. Gu, F. Zhang, B.J.Sun, M.F.Tsai, A.H.H.Chang & R.I. Kaiser. Unraveling the Formation of HCPH (X²A^') Molecules in Extraterrestrial Environments: Crossed Molecular Beam Study of the Reaction of Carbon Atoms, C(³P_j), with Phosphine, PH₃(X¹A₁). JPCA. 111, 3241-3247(2007). (PDF file)

152. Y. Guo, X. Gu, F. Zhang, A.M. Mebel, R.I. Kaiser, A Crossed Molecular Beam Study on the Formation of Hexenediynyl Radicals (H₂CCCCCCH; C₆H₃ (X²A')) via Reactions of Tricarbon Molecules, C₃(X¹ Σ_g⁺), with Allene (H₂CCCH₂; X¹A₁) and Methylacetylene (CH₃CCH; X¹A₁). Phys.Chem.Chem. Phys, 9, 1972 – 1979 (2007).(PDF file)

153. C.J.Bennett, R.I. Kaiser, The Formation of Acetic Acid (CH₃COOH) in Interstellar Ice Analogs. Astrophys. J. 660, 1289-1295 (2007). (PDF file)

154. C.J.Bennett, S.H.Chen, B.J.Sun, A.H.H. Chang, R.I. Kaiser, Mechanistical Studies on the Irradiation of Methanol in Extraterrestrial Ices. Astrophys. J. 660, 1588-1608 (2007).(PDF file)

155. C.S. Jamieson, A.M. Mebel, R. I. Kaiser, Novel Detection of the C_2v Isomer of Carbon Tetraoxide (CO₄). CPL 440, 105-109 (2007).(PDF file)

156. C.S. Jamieson, R. I. Kaiser, Isotopic Study of the Formation of the Azide Radical (N₃). CPL 440, 98-104 (2007).(PDF file)

157. F. Zhang, Y. Guo, X. Gu, R.I. Kaiser, A Crossed Molecular Beam Study on the Reaction of Boron Atoms, B(²P_j), with Benzene, C₆H₆ (X¹A_1g), and D6 – benzene C₆D₆(X¹A_1g). CPL 440, 56-63(2007). (PDF file)

158. W. Zheng, D.C. Jewitt, R.I. Kaiser, Mechanistical Studies on the Formation of Hydrogen Peroxide (HOOH), Hydrotrioxy (HOOO), and Dihydro-

gentrioxide (HOOOH) in Electron-Irradiated H₂¹⁸O/O₂ Ice Mixtures. PCCP 20, 2556-2563 (2007). (PDF file)

159. W. Zheng, R.I. Kaiser, An Infrared Spectroscopy Study of the Phase Transition in Solid Ammonia. Chem. Phys. Lett. 440, 229-234 (2007). (PDF file)

160. R.I. Kaiser, L. Belau, S.R. Leone, M. Ahmed, Y. Wang, B. J. Braams, J. Bowman, A Combined Experimental and Computational Study on the Ionization Energies of the Cyclic and Linear C₃H Isomers. Chem. Phys. Chem. 8, 1236-1239 (2007). (PDF file)

161. Y. Guo, A. M. Mebel, F. Zhang, X. Gu, R. I. Kaiser, Crossed Molecular Beam Studies of the Reactions of Allyl Radicals, C₃H₅(X²A₂) with Methylacetylene (CH₃CCH(X¹A₁)), Allene (H₂CCCH₂(X¹A₁)), and Their Isotopomers. JPCA 111, 4914-4921(2007). (PDF file)

162. C.J. Bennett, R.I. Kaiser, On the Formation of Glycolaldehyde (HCOCH₂OH) and Methyl Formate (HCOOCH₃) in Interstellar Ice Analogs. Ap.J. 661, 899-909 (2007). (PDF file)

163. X. Gu, Y. Guo, F. Zhang, A.M. Mebel, R.I. Kaiser, A Crossed Molecular Beams Study on the Formation and Energetics of the Resonantly Stabilized i-C₄H₃ radical, H₂CCCH(X²A’), together with its Isotopomers. Chemical Physics 335, 95-108 (2007). (PDF file)

164. J.G. Longenecker, A.M. Mebel, R.I. Kaiser, First Infrared Spectroscopic Detection of the Monobridged (B₂H₅; C_2v) Diboranyl Radical in Low Temperature Diborane Ices. Inorganic Chemistry (2007). (PDF file)

165. A.M. Mebel, G.S. Kim, V.V. Kislov, R.I. Kaiser, The Reaction of Tricarbon with Acetylene: An Ab Initio/RRKM Study of the Potential Energy Surface and Product Branching Ratios. JPCA 111, 6704-6712 (2007). (PDF file)

166. C.S. Jamieson, A.M. Mebel, R.I. Kaiser, First detection of the C₂ symmetric Isomer of Carbon Pentaoxide (CO₅) at 10 K. Chemical Physics Lett. 443, 49-54 (2007). (PDF file)

167. X. Gu, Y. Guo, F. Zhang, A.M. Mebel, R.I. Kaiser, Unimolecular Decomposition of Chemically Activated Singlet and Triplet D3-Methyldiacetylene. Chem. Phys. Lett. 444, 220-225ogHigh Energy drop (2007). (PDF file)

168. X. Gu, F. Zhang, Y. Guo, R.I. Kaiser, A Crossed Molecular Beam Study on the Formation of Phenylacetylene from Phenyl Radicals and Acetylene. Angew. Chemie Int. Edition 46, 6866-6869 (2007). (PDF file)

169. F. Zhang, X. Gu, Y. Guo, R. I. Kaiser , Reaction Dynamics on the Formation of Styrene (C₆H₅C₂H₃)-A Crossed Molecular Beam Study of the Reaction of Phenyl Radicals (C₆H₅) with Ethylene (C₂H₄), J. Organic Chem. 72, 7597-7604 (2007). (PDF file)

170. X. Gu, F. Zhang, R.I. Kaiser, A Crossed Beam Reaction of the Phenyl Radical, (C₆H₅, X²A₁) with Molecular Oxygen (O₂): Observation of the Phenoxy Radical, (C₆H₅O, X²A’). Chem. Phys. Lett. 448, 7-10 (2007). (PDF file)

171. B. Sivaraman, C.S. Jamieson, N. J. Mason, R. I. Kaiser, Temperature-Dependent Formation of Ozone in Solar System Ices. ApJ 669, 1414-1421 (2007). (PDF file)

172. X. Gu, F. Zhang, Y. Guo, R. I. Kaiser , Reaction Dynamics of Phenyl Radicals (C₆H₅, X²A₁) with Methylacetylene (CH₃CCH(X¹A₁)), Allene (H₂CCCH₂(X¹A₁)), and Their D4-Isotopomers. J. Phys. Chem. A 111, 11450-11459 (2007). (PDF file)

173. A. M. Mebel, V. V. Kislov, R. I. Kaiser, Theoretical Studies of Potential Energy Surfaces and Product Branching Ratios for the Reactions of C₂ with Small Unsaturated Hydrocarbons (Acetylene, Ethylene, Methylacetylene, and Allene). in: Gas Phase Molecular Reaction and Photodissociation Dynamics, Editors: K.C. Lin and P.D. Kleiber, Transworld Research Network 2007, pp. 113-159. (PDF file)

174. X. Gu, Y. Guo, A.M. Mebel, R.I. Kaiser, A Crossed Beams Investigation of the Reactions of Tricarbon Molecules, C₃, with Acetylene, C₂H₂, Ethylene, C₂H₄, and Benzene C₆H₆. Chem. Phys. Lett. 449, 44-52 (2007). (PDF file)

175. W. Zheng, R.I. Kaiser, On the Formation of Carbonic Acid (H₂CO₃) in Solar System Ices. Chem. Phys. Lett. 450, 55-60 (2007). (PDF file)

176. M.J. Mottl, B.T. Glazer, R.I. Kaiser, K.J. Meech, Water and Astrobiology. Geochemistry 67, 253-282 (2007). (PDF file)

177. F. Zhang, A.H.H. Chang, X. Gu, R.I. Kaiser, A Crossed Molecular Beam Study on the Reaction of Boron Atoms, B(²P_j), with Allene, H₂CCCH₂(X¹A₁). JPCA 111, 13305-13310 (2007). (PDF file)

178. F. Zhang, X. Gu, R.I. Kaiser, H.F. Bettinger, A Reinvestigation of the Gas Phase Reaction of Boron Atoms, ¹¹B(²P_j)/¹⁰B(²P_j) with Acetylene, C₂H₂. Chem. Phys. Lett. 450 178-185 (2008). (PDF file)

179. C.S. Jamieson, A.M. Mebel, R.I. Kaiser, First detection of the C_s Symmetric Isomer of Carbon Hexaoxide (CO₆) at 10 K. Chem. Phys. Lett 450, 312–317 (2008). (PDF file)

180. F. Zhang, C.H. Kao, A.H.H. Chang, X. Gu, Y. Guo, R.I Kaiser, A Crossed Molecular Beam Study on the Reaction of Boron Atoms with Methylacetylene and Partially Deuterated Methylacetylene. Chem. Phys. Chem. 9, 95-105 (2008). (PDF file)

181. W. Zheng, D.C. Jewitt, Y. Osamura, R.I. Kaiser, Formation of Molecular Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Hydrazine, and Diazene in Solid Ammonia and Implications to Solar System Ices, Ap.J. 674, 1242-1250 (2008). (PDF file)

182. X. Gu, R.I. Kaiser, A.M. Mebel, Chemistry of Energetically Activated Cumulenes - From Allene (H₂CCCH₂) to Hexapentaene (H₂CCCCCCH₂). Invited Review. Chem. Phys. Chem. 9, 350-369 (2008). (PDF file)

183. F. Zhang, X. Gu, R.I. Kaiser , Formation of the Diphenyl Molecule in the Crossed Beam Reaction of Phenyl Radicals with Benzene. J. Chem. Phys. 128, 084315/1-5(2008)(PDF file)

184. F. Zhang, X. Gu, Y. Guo, R.I. Kaiser, Reaction Dynamics of Phenyl Radicals (C₆H₅) with Propylene (CH₃CHCH₂) and Its Deuterated Isotopologues. JPCA 112, 3284-3290 (2008).(PDF file)

185. F. Zhang, X. Gu, R.I. Kaiser, N. Balucani, A.H.H. Chang, A Crossed Beam and  Ab Initio Study of the Reaction of Atomic Boron with Ethylene. JPCA 112, 3837-3845 (2008).(PDF file)

186. A. Landera, S.P. Krishtal, V.V. Kislov, A.M. Mebel, R.I. Kaiser, Theoretical Study of the C₆H₃ Potential Energy Surface and Rate Constants and Product Branching Ratios of the C₂H + C₄H₂ and C₄H+ C₂H₂ Reactions. J. Chem. Phys. 128, 214301-12 (2008).(PDF file)

187. C. Y. Huang, B. J. Sun, H. H. Kuo, K. T. Chen, H. L. Sun, C. H. Huang, M. F. Tsai, C. H. Kao, Y. S. Wang, L. G. Gao, R. I. Kaiser, A. H. H. Chang, Formation of Interstellar 4-Pentadiynylidene,HCCCCC, via the Neutral-Neutral Reaction of Ground State Carbon, C(³P) with Diacetylene, HCCCCH. JCP 128, 244303/1-16 (2008).(PDF file)

188. A. Landera, A. M. Mebel, R. I. Kaiser, Theoretical Study of the Reaction Mechanism of Ethynyl Radical with Benzene and Related Reactions on the C₈H₇ Potential Energy Surface. CPL 459, 54-59 (2008).(PDF file)

189. C.J. Bennett, C.S. Jamieson, R.I. Kaiser, Mechanistical Studies on the Decomposition of Carbon Suboxide in a Cometary Ice Analogue. Planet. Space Sciences 56, 1181-1189 (2008).(PDF file)

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190. X. Gu, F. Zhang, R.I. Kaiser, Reaction Dynamics on the Formation of 1- and 3-Cyanopropylene in the Crossed Beams Reaction of Ground State Cyano Radicals (CN) with Propylene (C₃H₆) and Its Deuterated Isotopologues. JPCA 112, 9607 – 9613 (2008).(PDF file)

191. A. M. Mebel, V.V. Kislov, R.I. Kaiser, Photoinduced Mechanism of Formation and Growth of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Low- Temperature Environments via Successive Ethynyl Radical Additions. JACS 130,  13618-13629 (2008).(PDF file)

192. F. Zhang, Y. S. Kim, L. Zhou, A.H.H. Chang, R.I. Kaiser, Directed Gas Phase Synthesis of 2,4Pentadiynylidyne (HCCCCC) - An Interstellar Molecule.  JCP  129, 134313 (2008). (PDF file)

193. L. Zhou, R.I. Kaiser, L.G. Gao, A.H.H. Chang, M.C. Liang, Y.Y. Yung, Pathways to Oxygen-Bearing Molecules in the Interstellar Medium and in Planetary Atmospheres: Cylopropenone (c-C₃H₂O) and Propynal (HCCCHO). ApJ 686, 1493-1502 (2008). (PDF file)

194. R.I. Kaiser, A.M. Mebel, On the Formation of Higher Carbon Oxides in Extreme Environments. Invited Frontiers Article. Chem. Phys. Lett. 465, 1-9 (2008). (PDF file)

195. X. Gu, F. Zhang, R.I. Kaiser, A Crossed Molecular Beam Study of the Phenyl Radical Reaction with 1,3-Butadiene  and its Deuterated

Isotopomers. JPCA 113, 998-1006 (2009). (PDF file)

196. F. Zhang, Y.S. Kim, R.I. Kaiser, A.M. Mebel, On the Formation of the 1,3,5-Hexatriynyl Radical (C₆H(X²P)) via the Crossed Beams Reaction of Dicarbon (C₂), with Diacetylene (C₄H₂). JPCA 113, 1210-1217 (2009). (PDF file)

197. X. Gu, R.I. Kaiser, Reaction Dynamics of Phenyl Radicals in Extreme Environments - A Crossed Molecular Beam Study. Acc. Chem. Res. 42, 290-302 (2009).(PDF file)

198. W. Zheng, D.C. Jewitt, R.I. Kaiser, Infrared Spectra of Ammonia-Water Ices. Ap.J. SS 181, 53-61 (2009).(PDF file)

199. Y.S. Kim, R.I. Kaiser, An Infrared Spectroscopic Study on Amorphous and Crystalline Ices of Vinylacetylene and Implications to Saturn’s Satellite Titan. Ap.J. SS 181, 543-547 (2009).(PDF file)

200. C.S. Jamieson, A.H.H. Chang, R.I. Kaiser, A laboratory study on the thermally induced transformation of hydrogen cyanide (HCN) to the cyanogen anion (CN^-) in Solar System analog ices. Advances in Space Research 43 1446–1450 (2009). (PDF file)

201. C.J. Bennett, C.S. Jamieson, R.I. Kaiser, An Experimental Investigation of the Decomposition of Carbon Monoxide and Formation Routes to Carbon Dioxide in Interstellar Ices. Ap.J. SS 182, 1-11 (2009). (PDF file)

202. L. Zhou, R.I. Kaiser, A.T. Tokunaga, Infrared Spectroscopy of Crystalline and Amorphous Diacetylene (C₄H₂) and Implications to Titan’s Atmosphere. Planet. Space Sciences 57, 830-835 (2009).(PDF file)

203. X. Gu, F Zhang, R.I. Kaiser, V.V. Kislov, A.M. Mebel, Reaction Dynamics of the Phenyl Radical with 1,2-Butadiene. CPL 474, 51-56 (2009).(PDF file)

204. C.J. Bennett, C.S. Jamieson, R.I. Kaiser, Mechanistical Studies on the Formation of Carbon Dioxide in Extraterrestrial, Carbon Monoxide Ice Analog Samples. PCCP 11, 4210-4218 (2009).(PDF file)

205. F. Zhang, S. Kim, R.I. Kaiser, A Crossed Molecular Beams Study of the Reaction of the Ethynyl Radical (C₂H(X²S⁺)) with Allene (H₂CCCH₂(X¹A₁)). PCCP 11, 4707-4714 (2009). (PDF file)

206. F. Zhang, S. Kim, R.I. Kaiser, A.M. Mebel, A Crossed Beams and Ab Initio Investigation on the Formation of Cyanodiacetylene in the Reaction of Cyano Radicals with Diacetylene. J. Chem. Phys. 130 234308 (2009). (PDF file)

207. X. Gu, R.I. Kaiser, A.M. Mebel, V.V. Kislov, S.J. Klippenstein, L.B. Harding, M.C. Liang, Y.L. Yung, A Crossed Molecular Beams Study on the Formation of the Exotic Cyanoethynyl Radical in Titan’s Atmosphere. ApJ 701 1797-1803 (2009). (PDF file)

208. J. Sun, C. H. Huang,, M. F. Tsai, H. L. Sun, L. G. Gao, Y. S. Wang, Y. Y. Yeh, Y. H. Shih, Z. F. Sia, P. H. Chen, R. I. Kaiser, A. H. H. Chang, Synthesis of Interstellar 1,3,5-Heptatriynylidyne, C₇H, via the Neutral-Neutral Reaction of Ground State Carbon Atoms with Triacetylene, HC₆H. JCP 131, 104305/1-13 (2009). (PDF file)

209. R.I. Kaiser, X. Gu, Chemical Dynamics of the Formation of the Ethynylsilylidyne Radical (SiCCH) in the Crossed Beam Reaction of Ground State Silicon Atoms (Si) with Acetylene (C₂H₂). JCP 131, 104311/1-6 2009). (PDF file)

210. X. Gu, Y.S. Kim, R.I. Kaiser, A.M. Mebel, M.C. Liang, Y.L. Yung, Chemical Dynamics of Triacetylene Formation and Implications to the synthesis of polyynes in Titan's Atmosphere. Proceedings National Academy of Sciences 106, 16078-16083 (2009). (PDF file)

211. R.I. Kaiser, F. Zhang, X. Gu, V.V. Kislov, A.M. Mebel, Reaction Dynamics of the Phenyl Radical (C₆H₅) with 1-Butyne (HCCC₂H₅) and 2-Butyne (CH₃CCCH₃). CPL 481, 46-53 (2009).

(PDF file)

212. W. Zheng, D.C. Jewitt, R.I. Kaiser, On the State of Water Ice on Saturn’s Moon Titan and Implications to the Outer Solar System. JPCA (Special Issue) 113, 11174-11181 (2009). (PDF file)

213. F. Zhang, S. Kim, R.I. Kaiser, S.P. Krishtal A.M. Mebel, On the Formation of Vinylacetylene in Titan’s Atmosphere. JPCA (Special Issue) 113, 11167-11173 (2009). (PDF file)

214. S. Krishtal, A.M. Mebel, R.I. Kaiser, A Theoretical Study of the Reaction Mechanism and Product Branching Ratios of C₂H + C₂H₄ and Related Reactions on the C₄H₅ Potential Energy Surface. JPCA (Special Issue) 113, 11112-11128 (2009). (PDF file)